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Geoscientists
and environmental scientists use their knowledge of the physical makeup and history of the Earth to
locate water, mineral, and energy resources; protect the environment;
predict future geologic hazards; and offer advice on construction and
land use projects. Geoscientists
study the composition, structure, and other physical aspects of the
Earth. By using sophisticated instruments and analyses of the earth and
water, geoscientists study the Earth's geologic past and present in
order to make predictions about its future. For example, they may study
the Earth's movements to try to predict when and where the next
earthquake or volcano will occur and the probable impact on surrounding
areas to minimize the damage. Many geoscientists are involved in the
search for oil and gas, while others work closely with environmental
scientists in preserving and cleaning up the environment.
Geoscientists usually study, and are
subsequently classified in, one of several closely related fields of
geoscience, including geology, geophysics, and oceanography.
Geologists study the composition, processes, and history of the
Earth. They try to find out how rocks were formed and what has happened
to them since formation. They also study the evolution of life by
analyzing plant and animal fossils. Geophysicists use the
principles of physics, mathematics, and chemistry to study not only the
Earth's surface, but also its internal composition; ground and surface
waters; atmosphere; oceans; and its magnetic, electrical, and
gravitational forces. Oceanographers
use their knowledge of geology and geophysics, in addition to biology
and chemistry, to study the world's oceans and coastal waters. They
study the motion and circulation of the ocean waters and their physical
and chemical properties, and how these properties affect coastal areas,
climate, and weather.
Environmental scientists conduct research to
identify and abate or eliminate sources of pollutants that affect
people, wildlife, and their environments. They analyze and report
measurements and observations of air, water, soil, and other sources to
make recommendations on how best to clean and preserve the environment.
They often use their skills and knowledge to design and monitor waste
disposal sites, preserve water supplies, and reclaim contaminated land
and water to comply with Federal environmental regulations.
Career Sources and Professional
Organizations
Sample Job Titles
| Entry
Level: |
Experienced: |
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Civil Engineer |
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Environmental Scientist |
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Environmental Engineer |
|
Geochemist |
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Geologist |
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Hydrologist |
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Geoscientist |
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Oceanographer |
Enhancing Employability
- Participate in internships
and/or field experience
- Computer-related skills
- Excellent
inter-personal skills
- Strong oral and
written communication skills
- Strong problem-solving,
decision-making skills
- Foreign
language helpful
- Strong physical
stamina for fieldwork
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